We hear the word server often, but few know exactly what it is. It is nothing mysterious, it is a computer with a specific job. Let us explain in detail what a server is, how it differs from an ordinary computer and when you need one.

What a server is

A server is a computer that provides services or data to other devices on a network. Those other devices (computers, phones, printers) are called clients. The client asks for something, the server provides it. Hence the name: the server serves.

Example: when you open a website, your browser (the client) asks the web server for the page and it sends it. This happens all the time, we just do not realize it.

How a server differs from an ordinary computer

Technically a server is also a computer, but it is built for different work:

  • It runs continuously, often for years without shutdown.
  • Reliability first. It has higher-quality components and redundant parts (power, disks).
  • It serves several users at once, so it has more performance, memory and network cards.
  • It often has no monitor or keyboard, it is managed remotely.
  • Data protection. Disks tend to be in a RAID array, so a failure of one disk does not mean data loss.

An ordinary computer is built for one user and work during the day. A server for the continuous and reliable service of many.

What types of servers exist

A server is usually named according to what it does:

  • A web server delivers web pages.
  • A file server stores and shares files within a company.
  • A mail server manages emails.
  • A database server stores and makes data available to applications.
  • An application server runs company software.
  • A backup server keeps data backups.

One physical server can take on several roles at once.

Physical, virtual and cloud server

  • A physical server is a real machine at your premises or in a data center.
  • A virtual server. On one physical machine, several separate servers run thanks to virtualization, more in the article on what a hypervisor is. This saves costs and space.
  • A cloud server you rent from a provider and pay by usage, similar to hosting.

Where a server is used

  • In a company for sharing files, emails, company software and central management.
  • On the internet for websites, applications and services.
  • At home as a home server (NAS) for backups, media and the smart home.

When you need a server

  • When several people need to share data and applications centrally and securely.
  • When data must not be only on one computer and needs protecting.
  • When you run a website, application or company system.
  • When you want central management of access and security, which also relates to the Zero Trust model.

A small company sometimes gets by with cloud services, other times its own server is worth it. It depends on needs, data and budget.

Conclusion

A server is a computer that reliably and continuously serves others. It differs in its emphasis on reliability, performance and data protection. Whether you need a physical, virtual or cloud one depends on what you are addressing.

Considering a server for your company or home and unsure which path is right? Get in touch, we will design a solution based on your needs and budget.

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This article is part of our Business IT overview.